Mbiri ya matumba apulasitiki kuyambira kubadwa mpaka kuletsedwa
M'zaka za m'ma 1970, matumba apulasitiki anali chinthu chatsopano, ndipo tsopano akhala chinthu chodziwika padziko lonse lapansi chomwe chimapanga ndalama zokwana thililiyoni imodzi pachaka. Mapazi awo ali padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikizapo gawo lozama kwambiri pansi pa nyanja, phiri lalitali kwambiri la Mount Everest ndi mapiri a ayezi. Mapulasitiki amafunika zaka mazana ambiri kuti awonongeke. Ali ndi zowonjezera zomwe zimatha kuyamwa zitsulo zolemera, maantibayotiki, mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi zinthu zina zapoizoni. Matumba apulasitiki amabweretsa mavuto aakulu ku chilengedwe.
Kodi matumba apulasitiki ogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati akale amapangidwa bwanji? Kodi amaletsedwa bwanji?Kodi izi zinachitika bwanji?
Mu 1933, fakitale ya mankhwala ku Northwich, England inapanga mwangozi pulasitiki-polyethylene yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti polyethylene inapangidwa pang'ono kale, iyi inali nthawi yoyamba kuti zinthu zopangidwa ndi mafakitale zipangidwe, ndipo zinagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachinsinsi ndi asilikali a ku Britain panthawi ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse.
1965-Chikwama chogulira zinthu cha polyethylene chophatikizidwa chinapatsidwa patent ndi kampani ya ku Sweden ya Celloplast. Chikwama cha pulasitiki ichi chopangidwa ndi mainjiniya Sten Gustaf Thulin posakhalitsa chinalowa m'malo mwa matumba a nsalu ndi mapepala ku Europe.
1979 - Popeza kale anali ndi ulamuliro wa 80% ya msika wa matumba ku Europe, matumba apulasitiki amatumizidwa kunja ndipo amafika kwambiri ku United States. Makampani opanga pulasitiki ayamba kutsatsa malonda awo molimba mtima kuti ndi abwino kuposa mapepala ndi matumba ogwiritsidwanso ntchito.
1982-Safeway ndi Kroger, makampani awiri akuluakulu ogulitsa zinthu ku United States, asinthana ndi matumba apulasitiki. Masitolo ambiri akutsatiranso ndipo pofika kumapeto kwa zaka khumi matumba apulasitiki adzakhala atatsala pang'ono kulowa m'malo mwa mapepala padziko lonse lapansi.
1997-Woyendetsa sitima komanso wofufuza Charles Moore apeza Great Pacific Garbage Patch, malo akuluakulu kwambiri mwa malo angapo osungira zinyalala m'nyanja padziko lonse lapansi komwe zinyalala zambiri zapulasitiki zasonkhanitsidwa, zomwe zikuopseza zamoyo zam'madzi. Matumba apulasitiki amadziwika kuti amapha akamba am'nyanja, omwe molakwika amaganiza kuti ndi jellyfish ndipo amawadya.
2002-Bangladesh ndi dziko loyamba padziko lonse lapansi kukhazikitsa lamulo loletsa matumba apulasitiki opyapyala, pambuyo poti lapezeka kuti lachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakutseka njira zotulutsira madzi panthawi ya kusefukira kwa madzi. Mayiko ena ayamba kutsatira zomwezo.2011-Dziko lonse lapansi limagwiritsa ntchito matumba apulasitiki okwana 1 miliyoni mphindi iliyonse.
2017-Kenya idakhazikitsa "chiletso cha pulasitiki" chokhwima kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, mayiko opitilira 20 padziko lonse lapansi akhazikitsa "malamulo oletsa pulasitiki" kapena "malamulo oletsa pulasitiki" kuti azitha kugwiritsa ntchito matumba apulasitiki.
2018 - "Chisankho chachangu cha Nkhondo Yapulasitiki" chinasankhidwa kukhala mutu wa Tsiku la Zachilengedwe Padziko Lonse, chaka chino chinachitikira ku India. Makampani ndi maboma padziko lonse lapansi asonyeza chithandizo chawo, ndipo awonetsa motsatizana kutsimikiza mtima kwawo ndi kudzipereka kwawo kuthetsa vuto la kuipitsa kwa pulasitiki komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha.
2020- "Kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mapulasitiki" padziko lonse lapansi kuli pachiwopsezo.
Kondani moyo ndi kuteteza chilengedwe. Kuteteza chilengedwe kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi miyoyo yathu ndipo kumatipanga maziko a zinthu zina. Tiyenera kuyamba ndi zinthu zazing'ono ndikuyamba kuchokera kumbali, ndikukhala ndi chizolowezi chabwino chogwiritsa ntchito zochepa momwe tingathere kapena osataya matumba apulasitiki titagwiritsa ntchito kuteteza nyumba zathu!
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-20-2022